Dysphonia is a general term covering any problem with voice production. This includes a negative change in the quality of sound produced by the vocal tract, increased effort or fatigue in producing sound, and pain or discomfort associated with speaking and singing. The treatment approach varies depending on the cause.
Dysphonia
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Spasmodic Dysphonia
Spasmodic dysphonia is a focal dystonia of the laryngeal (voice box) muscles that begins in adulthood.

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Functional voice disorders are a group of disorders characterised by impaired voice production without structural abnormalities in the larynx (voice box) or vocal cords.

Puberphonia (Mutational Falsetto)
During the transition period from childhood to adulthood, especially in boys, a marked voice change occurs.